Caffeine formulations
Panadol Cold & Flu Day is specially formulated with caffeine
Caffeine is widely distributed throughout the body. The mean plasma protein binding of caffeine is approximately 35%.5
Caffeine is an analgesic adjuvant for paracetamol2-4
The *analgesic adjuvant effects of caffeine are proposed to result from several mechanisms7,8:
- Blockade of the peripheral pronociceptive actions of adenosine.
- Activation of central noradrenergic pathways that constitute an endogenous pain suppressing system.
- Central nervous system stimulation with a consequent modulation of the affective component of pain.
*A minimum concentration of 65mg caffeine in a single dose is required to have a statistically significant adjuvant effect.
Caffeine enhances the analgesic effect of paracetamol4
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Caffeine is metabolised almost completely (~99%) in the liver via oxidation and demethylation to various xanthine derivatives, which are excreted in the urine4
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Increases the effectiveness of paracetamol
Paracetamol-caffeine combinations have been shown to provide superior pain relief compared to paracetamol alone.4
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Oral Administration
After oral administration, caffeine is completely and rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with peak concentrations occurring between 5 and 120 minutes depending on the dose, health status, and co-medications in fasted subjects.5
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A clinical study found that caffeine (60mg) increases the bioavailability of paracetamol5
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The influence of caffeine (60 mg) on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of acetaminophen (500 mg single dose) was studied in 10 healthy male human volunteers in a complete cross‐over design. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyse serum drug concentrations.1
Caffeine caused a highly significant (p< 0.01) increase in AUC and AUMC, a significant (p<0.05) increase in Cmax, and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in clearance (Cl/F) of acetaminophen.1
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Side Effects
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Adverse reactions reported for caffeine include dizziness, headache, insomnia, restlessness, anxiety, irritability, nervousness, heart palpitation, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
Note that combining caffeine-containing medicinal products with dietary caffeine intake may increase the potential for caffeine-related adverse effects.4
Discover Panadol Cold & Flu day with caffeine
Panadol Cold & Flu Day
Panadol Cold & Flu Day contains caffeine. In addition, this product also contains Paracetamol and Phenylephrine.6
Panadol Cold & Flu Day– Your Cold & Flu Partner
